{"id":733,"date":"2025-06-22T13:49:28","date_gmt":"2025-06-22T13:49:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/saphydrogels.com\/?p=733"},"modified":"2025-06-23T00:59:31","modified_gmt":"2025-06-23T00:59:31","slug":"super-absorbent-polymer-referred-to-as-sap","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/saphydrogels.com\/de\/super-absorbent-polymer-referred-to-as-sap\/","title":{"rendered":"Superabsorptionspolymer (bezeichnet als SAP)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Superabsorbierendes Polymer<\/a> (kurz: SAP) ist ein revolution\u00e4res funktionales Polymermaterial, das f\u00fcr seine au\u00dfergew\u00f6hnliche Saugf\u00e4higkeit bekannt ist. Im Gegensatz zu herk\u00f6mmlichen wasserabsorbierenden Materialien wie Tissue-Papier, Baumwolle, Schwamm und Flusen kann SAP das Hundert- bis Tausendfache seines Gewichts aufnehmen und sich in ein wasserquellendes Hydrogel verwandeln, das selbst unter Druck Wasser speichert.<\/p>\r\n

\"Superabsorptionspolymer<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Die Geschichte der SAP geht auf die 1960er Jahre zur\u00fcck, als das Landwirtschaftsministerium der Vereinigten Staaten (USDA) mit der Erforschung von Materialien zur Verbesserung des Wasserschutzes in B\u00f6den begann. Ihre Bem\u00fchungen f\u00fchrten zur Entwicklung eines Harzes, das auf der Pfropfung von Acrylnitrilpolymeren auf St\u00e4rkemolek\u00fcle basierte. Das Ergebnis war ein neues Absorptionsmaterial, das mehr als das 400-fache seines Gewichts absorbieren konnte, ohne unter Druck fl\u00fcssiges Wasser freizusetzen.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Gleichzeitig begannen japanische Unternehmen, die nicht an der USDA-Forschung beteiligt waren, unabh\u00e4ngige Studien mit St\u00e4rke, Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), Acryls\u00e4ure, Polyvinylalkohol (PVA) und Isobutylen-Maleins\u00e4ureanhydrid (IMA).<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

In den 1970er Jahren wurde SAP zum ersten Mal kommerziell genutzt, und zwar in erster Linie f\u00fcr hygienische Einwegprodukte und nicht f\u00fcr die urspr\u00fcnglich vorgesehene Anwendung zur Bodenverbesserung.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Der Durchbruch kam 1982, als SAP in Europa in Babywindeln eingearbeitet wurde, kurz darauf folgte die Einf\u00fchrung in superabsorbierenden Babywindeln in Japan durch UniCharm.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Technologische Fortschritte haben seitdem die Verwendung von st\u00e4rkegepfropften Superabsorbern in hygienischen Einwegprodukten reduziert, so dass die meisten Superabsorber heute vernetzte Acrylhomopolymere (in der Regel natriumneutralisiert) in diesen Produkten sind.<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Im Gegensatz dazu sind Superabsorber, die zur Bodenverbesserung eingesetzt werden, oft vernetzte Acryl-Acrylamid-Copolymere (in der Regel kaliumneutralisiert). Diese Entwicklung in der SAP-Technologie hat wesentlich zur Entwicklung hocheffizienter wasserr\u00fcckhaltender Materialien beigetragen, die in verschiedenen Branchen eingesetzt werden.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Super Absorbent Polymer (referred to as SAP) is a revolutionary type of functional polymer material known for its exceptional absorbency […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2377,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"right-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[3],"tags":[66],"class_list":["post-733","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","tag-super-absorbent-polymer-referred-to-as-sap"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/saphydrogels.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/733","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/saphydrogels.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/saphydrogels.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saphydrogels.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saphydrogels.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=733"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/saphydrogels.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/733\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saphydrogels.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2377"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/saphydrogels.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=733"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saphydrogels.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=733"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/saphydrogels.com\/de\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=733"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}